容器引擎 Docker

发布于 2020-04-02 作者风铃 88次浏览版块后端

什么是 Docker？

Docker™ provides a way to run applications securely isolated in a container, packaged with all its dependencies and libraries.

环境搭建

MacOS

`1`	`$ brew cask install docker`

Windows

下载

　从 Toolbox 的 archive 页面找到 DockerToolbox-1.13.1.exe 并下载（官方地址）

安装

　注意安装组件的时候，选择 Full installation，其他的均使用默认的选项，即可

配置

代理

`1`	`$ vim ~/.docker/config.json`

`123456789`	`{ "proxies": { "default": { "httpProxy": "socks5://127.0.0.1:1080", "httpsProxy": "socks5://127.0.0.1:1080", "noProxy": "*.yuzhouwan.com" } }}`

镜像源

`12`	`https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cnhttps://hub-mirror.c.163.com`

配置文件

`1`	`$ vim ~/.docker/config.json`

`12345`	`{ "registry-mirrors": [ "https://registry.docker-cn.com" ]}`

命令行指定

`1`	`$ docker-machine create --engine-registry-mirror=http://hub-mirror.c.163.com -d virtualbox kafka-connect`

Desktop 设置

（对 Docker™ 的截图）

Boot 2 Docker

打开 cmd 命令行

`1`	`$ cmd`

查看帮助文档

`1`	`$ docker-machine -h`

创建名为 kafka-connect 的镜像

`1`	`$ docker-machine create --driver virtualbox kafka-connect`

进入 kafka-connect 镜像

`1`	`$ docker-machine env kafka-connect`

`1234567`	`SET DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1SET DOCKER_HOST=tcp://127.0.0.1:2376SET DOCKER_CERT_PATH=C:\Users\BenedictJin\.docker\machine\machines\kafka-connectSET DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME=kafka-connectSET COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS=trueREM Run this command to configure your shell:REM @FOR /f "tokens=*" %i IN ('docker-machine env kafka-connect') DO @%i`

拷贝上面输出的最后一行，去掉 REM 注释，并运行

`1`	`$ @FOR /f "tokens=*" %i IN ('docker-machine env kafka-connect') DO @%i`

此时，就可以执行 docker 相关的命令了

`1`	`$ docker info`

移除 kafka-connect 镜像

`1`	`$ docker-machine rm kafka-connect`

常用命令

version

`1`	`$ docker version`

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627 Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 19.03.5 API version: 1.40 Go version: go1.12.12 Git commit: 633a0ea Built: Wed Nov 13 07:22:34 2019 OS/Arch: darwin/amd64 Experimental: falseServer: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 19.03.5 API version: 1.40 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.12.12 Git commit: 633a0ea Built: Wed Nov 13 07:29:19 2019 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false containerd: Version: v1.2.10 GitCommit: b34a5c8af56e510852c35414db4c1f4fa6172339 runc: Version: 1.0.0-rc8+dev GitCommit: 3e425f80a8c931f88e6d94a8c831b9d5aa481657 docker-init: Version: 0.18.0 GitCommit: fec3683

status

`1`	`$ service docker status`

12345678910 Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status docker.service● docker.service - LSB: start and stop docker Loaded: loaded (/etc/docker/docker; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-09-18 09:54:31 CST; 29min ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 14743 ExecStart=/etc/docker/docker start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /docker.slice/docker.service ├─14907 /opt/ali-iaas/docker/plugins/alinet 127.0.0.1 ├─14919 /opt/ali-iaas/docker/plugins/tmpfs 127.0.0.1 └─14933 /opt/ali-iaas/docker/plugins/alilocal 127.0.0.1

logs

`1`	`$ docker logs -f <容器名 or 容器ID>`

login

`1`	`$ docker login reg.docker.yuzhouwan.com`

cp

`1234`	`# 从容器中将文件拷贝出来$ docker cp <容器名 or 容器ID>:/home/benedict_jin/a.txt /opt/# 从将文件拷贝到容器里面$ docker cp /opt/ <容器名 or 容器ID>:/home/benedict_jin/a.txt`

run

| 1 | $ docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE[:TAG|@DIGEST] [COMMAND] [ARG...] |
| —- | ———————————————————— |
| | |

restart

`1`	`$ docker restart <容器名 or 容器ID>`

踩到的坑

No default Boot2Docker ISO found locally

描述

`1`	`$ docker-machine create --driver virtualbox kafka-connect`

123 Running pre-create checks...(dataagg) No default Boot2Docker ISO found locally, downloading the latest release...Error with pre-create check: "Get https://api.github.com/repos/boot2docker/boot2docker/releases/latest: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:443: connectex: A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond."

解决

　到 boot2docker 的 release 页面下载最新的 boot2docker.iso（当前最新版本为 v17.12.1-ce），并放到 C:\Users\BenedictJin\.docker\machine\cache 目录下，再次运行 docker-machine create xxx 命令即可